DEVELOPMENT OF LOW-COST, HIGH-PRECISION SENSORS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING IN REMOTE AREAS

Abstract

This study presents the development and evaluation of low-cost, high-precision environmental sensors designed for deployment in remote areas. These sensors, fabricated using innovative materials such as graphene and conductive polymers, were evaluated across multiple parameters, including particulate matter, CO₂ levels, soil moisture, and temperature. The sensors demonstrated exceptional accuracy, with a precision rate exceeding 98% for most environmental measurements, which is comparable to existing commercial solutions. Notably, the sensors maintained high performance even under challenging environmental conditions, such as extreme humidity and temperature fluctuations. Energy efficiency served as the main design objective because these affordable sensors worked with solar power effectively using about 80% less energy than typical systems used under normal circumstances.   The whole system cost assessment demonstrated outstanding cost reductions due to an over 75% reduction.   This sensor system provides value to resource-limited locations where nontechnical users can operate it easily thanks to its basic deployment requirements and minimal maintenance needs. These affordable sensors have demonstrated their potential to convert distant environmental observation through their reasonable price point according to this study.   The established tools give local populations direct control over preservation projects which enables them to take ownership of environmental management responsibilities.   These sensor developments enable global environmental safeguarding alongside renewable resource management because they provide workable solutions for monitoring environmental conditions in areas with limited resources.